Oracle Database Express Edition For Mac

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Installation Guide

11g Release 2 (11.2)for Microsoft Windows

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E18803-05

June 2014

Welcome to Oracle Database Express Edition Installation Guide for Microsoft Windows. This guide covers the following topics:

Note:

The most up-to-date version of this installation guide is available from the Oracle Database Express Edition (Oracle Database XE) download page on Oracle Technology Network:

1 Introduction

Oracle Database XE is easy to install. The Oracle Database XE provides an Oracle database and tools for managing the database.

Oracle Database Express Edition 10g

Oracle Database XE supports the following development environments:

Oracle SQL Developer: Oracle SQL Developer is a graphical version of SQL*Plus that gives database developers a convenient way to perform basic tasks. You can connect to any target Oracle Database XE schema using standard Oracle database authentication. Once connected, you can perform operations on objects in the database.
Download and install Oracle SQL Developer from:
Oracle Application Express: Oracle Database XE includes Oracle Application Express, a rapid web application development tool for the Oracle database. Oracle Application Express is enabled by default in Oracle Database XE.
Java: Java is an open-source programing language that is designed for use in the distributed environment of the Internet. You can use Oracle JDeveloper, which is a free integrated Java development environment with support for the full development life cycle.
Download and install Oracle JDeveloper from:
.NET and Visual Studio: Visual Studio is an integrated development environment by Microsoft for building .NET applications. .NET is a software framework for Microsoft Windows operating systems.
Download and install Oracle Data Access Components (ODAC) for Windows from:
PHP
PHP is an open-source server-side embedded scripting language that is designed for Web development and can be embedded in HTML. You can use the following PHP product:
- PHP: Download and install from:

For more information on Oracle Database XE, see the following:

Oracle Database XE home page on the Oracle Technology Network:
Oracle Database XE Documentation Library:
Click the appropriate link on the Oracle Database XE home page on the Oracle Technology Network; or from the system menus, get to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition and select Get Help, then Read Documentation.
Discussion forum:
Click the appropriate link on the Oracle Database XE home page on the Oracle Technology Network; or from the system menus, get to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition and select Get Help, then Go to Online Forum.

2 Requirements

This section covers the following topics:

2.1 Software Requirements

This section covers the following topics:

2.1.1 System Requirements

Oracle provides 32-bit (Windows x86) and 64-bit (Windows x64) versions of Oracle Database XE server and client.

The 32-bit database server runs on 32-bit Windows only. See Table 1, 'Oracle Database XE Requirements for Microsoft Windows 32-bit' for supported operating systems. The 64-bit database server and client runs on Windows x64 only. See Table 2, 'Oracle Database XE Requirements for Microsoft Windows 64-bit' for supported operating systems.

The 32-bit database client runs on both 32-bit Windows and Windows x64.

See Also:

The following 1563794.1 note in My Oracle Support for more information about Hyper-V support:

Table 1, 'Oracle Database XE Requirements for Microsoft Windows 32-bit' provides system requirements for Oracle Database XE for Microsoft Windows 32-bit

Table 1 Oracle Database XE Requirements for Microsoft Windows 32-bit

Requirement	Value
System architecture	Intel (x86), AMD64, and Intel EM64T
Operating system	One of the following 32-bit Microsoft Windows operating systems: Microsoft Windows Server 2008 - Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter, Web, and Foundation Editions. The Server Core option is not supported. Microsoft Windows 7 - Professional, Enterprise, and Ultimate Editions Windows 8 - Pro and Enterprise Editions
Network protocol	The following protocols are supported: IPC Named Pipes SDP TCP/IP TCP/IP with SSL
Disk space	1.5 gigabytes minimum
RAM	256 megabytes minimum, 512 megabytes recommended for Oracle Database XE. The operating system itself may have a higher minimum requirement.
Microsoft Windows Installer (MSI)	MSI version 2.0 or later You can download MSI from Microsoft at:

Table 2, 'Oracle Database XE Requirements for Microsoft Windows 64-bit' provides system requirements for Oracle Database XE for Microsoft Windows 64-bit

Table 2 Oracle Database XE Requirements for Microsoft Windows 64-bit

Requirement	Value
System architecture	AMD64 and Intel EM64T
Operating system	One of the following 64-bit Microsoft Windows x64 operating systems: Windows Server 2008 x64 - Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter, Web, and Foundation Editions Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 - Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter, Web, and Foundation Editions. Windows Server 2012 x64 - Standard, Datacenter, Essentials, and Foundation Editions Windows Server 2012 R2 x64 - Standard, Datacenter, Essentials, and Foundation Editions Windows 7 x64 - Professional, Enterprise, and Ultimate Editions. Windows 8 - Pro and Enterprise Editions Windows 8.1 - Pro and Enterprise Editions The Server Core option is not supported.
Network protocol	The following protocols are supported: IPC Named Pipes SDP TCP/IP TCP/IP with SSL
Disk space	1.5 gigabytes minimum
RAM	256 megabytes minimum, 512 megabytes recommended for Oracle Database XE. The operating system itself may have a higher minimum requirement.
Microsoft Windows Installer (MSI)	MSI version 2.0 or later You can download MSI from Microsoft at:

2.1.2 Windows Firewall Configuration

If you plan to install Oracle Database XE onto a computer running Windows Firewall, which was first introduced in Windows XP Service Pack 2 and Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1, and then connect to it from another computer, check that the firewall has not been configured to block communication from the following incoming ports. These ports are the default ports that Oracle Database XE users.

1521: Oracle Database Listener
2030: Oracle Services for Microsoft Transaction Server
8080: Oracle HTTP Transaction Server

2.1.3 Oracle Database Extensions for .NET Requirements

If you plan to use Oracle Database Extensions for .NET for Oracle Database XE, then you must install the following software onto your server and client computers:

On the computer where you plan to install Oracle Database XE, install .NET Framework 2.0, 3.0, 3.5, or 4. Be sure to install .NET Framework 2.0 or higher before you install Oracle Database XE.
Note:
This requirement is for design-time development, deployment, and run-time.
On the computer where you plan to develop .NET stored procedures, you need the following software:
- Oracle Database XE
- Visual Studio 2005, Visual Studio 2008, or Visual Studio 2010, which includes .NET Framework 2.0 or higher
  Install Visual Studio 2005 or higher onto the computer before you install Oracle Developer Tools for Visual Studio.
- Oracle Developer Tools for Visual Studio
Note:
These requirements are for design-time development and deployment. They are not required for run-time. For run-time, you only need to have .NET Framework 2.0 or higher installed on the database server. Visual Studio 2005 or higher is not necessary for run-time.

See Also:

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/dotnet/index-085095.html for more information on Oracle Database Extensions for .NET, including download and installation instructions

2.1.4 Oracle Developer Tools for Visual Studio

You can install Oracle Developer Tools on the same computer on which you installed Oracle Database XE. Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day + .NET Developer's Guide for Microsoft Windows provides instructions for installing Oracle Developer Tools.

Note:

These requirements are for design-time development and deployment. They are not required for run-time. For run-time, you only need to have .NET Framework 2.0 or higher installed on the database server. Visual Studio 2005 or higher is not necessary for run-time.

See Also:

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/developer-tools/visual-studio/overview/index-097110.html for more information on Oracle Developer Tools for Visual Studio.

2.2 Permission Requirement for Installing Oracle Database XE

You must be part of the Administrators group on Windows to install Oracle Database XE. If you are logged in as a domain user, ensure sure that you are connected to the network before you install Oracle Database XE.

2.3 Windows Security Recommendations

Oracle recommends that you perform the following security-related tasks before installing Oracle Database XE on Windows:

2.3.1 Disable Simple File Sharing on Windows XP

If you are installing on Windows XP, consider disabling simple file sharing on the computer where you plan to install Oracle Database XE. If simple file sharing is enabled, there is risk of unauthorized access to the data in your database.

To disable simple file sharing, go to the Microsoft Knowledge Base (http://support.microsoft.com) and search for article 307874.

Warning:

It is not possible to disable simple file sharing on Microsoft Windows XP Home. Oracle strongly recommends that you upgrade to one of the required operating systems identified in 'System Requirements'. However, if you cannot upgrade, then Oracle recommends that you enable the firewall and ensure that port 1521 (or the Oracle listener port you configured during installation) is blocked. Note that blocking port 1521 blocks remote access to the database over TCP/IP.

To enable the firewall (or check that the firewall is enabled) on Microsoft Windows XP, see Microsoft Knowledge Base article number 283673, 'How to turn on or turn off the firewall in Windows XP.'

Note that enabling the firewall prevents all remote connections to your system by default. If you want to open specific ports, see Microsoft Knowledge Base article number 875357, 'Troubleshooting Windows Firewall settings in Windows XP Service Pack 2' or article number 308127, 'How to manually open ports in Internet Connection Firewall in Windows XP' for earlier Windows XP releases.

2.3.2 Install on Windows File Systems that Support Access Controls

Install Oracle Database XE on a file system that supports access controls (for example, NTFS). If you install Oracle Database XE on a file system that does not support access controls, such as FAT, there is significant risk of unauthorized access to the data in your database. If necessary, you can convert a FAT partition to an NTFS partition.

See Also:

Microsoft Support site (http://support.microsoft.com) for more information on FAT and NTFS file systems and how to convert from FAT to NTFS

3 Licensing Restrictions

This section covers the following topics:

3.1 Oracle Database XE CPU Limitations

If Oracle Database XE is installed on a computer with more than one CPU (including dual-core CPUs), then it will consume, at most, processing resources equivalent to one CPU. For example, on a computer with two CPUs, if two Oracle database clients try to simultaneously execute CPU-intensive queries, then Oracle Database Standard Edition, Oracle Database Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database Enterprise Edition will use both CPUs to efficiently process the queries. However, with Oracle Database XE, the Oracle database will process the queries at the rate of a single CPU even if concurrent processing on two CPUs would be faster. To use the full processing resources of your computer, upgrade to Oracle Database Standard Edition, Oracle Database Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database Enterprise Edition.

3.2 Oracle Database XE Installation and Execution Restrictions

Only one installation of Oracle Database XE can be performed on a single computer. This does not affect any existing installation or new installations of Oracle Database Standard Edition, Oracle Database Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. In addition, users can run only one instance of the Oracle Database XE database on each individual computer. To run more than one Oracle Database server instance or install more than one copy of the database software, upgrade to Oracle Database Standard Edition, Oracle Database Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database Enterprise Edition.

3.3 Oracle Database XE User Data Limitations

The maximum amount of user data in an Oracle Database XE database cannot exceed 11 gigabytes. If the user data grows beyond this limit, then an ORA-12592 error will appear. To use more than 11 gigabytes of user data, upgrade to Oracle Database Standard Edition, Oracle Database Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database Enterprise Edition.

3.4 Oracle Database XE RAM Limitation

The maximum amount of RAM that an Oracle Database XE database uses cannot exceed 1 gigabyte, even if more is available. Table 1, 'Oracle Database XE Requirements for Microsoft Windows 32-bit' and Table 2, 'Oracle Database XE Requirements for Microsoft Windows 64-bit' provide the minimum and recommended RAM that you should use. The exact amount of RAM that Oracle Database XE uses is computed automatically using Automatic Memory Management.

To use more than 1 gigabyte of RAM, upgrade to Oracle Database Standard Edition, Oracle Database Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database Enterprise Edition.

For more information about managing memory, refer to Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day DBA.

3.5 HTTPS Support

HTTPS is not supported natively with the HTTP listener built into Oracle Database XE. If you want HTTPS support, use an alternative Web listener, such as Apache, that does provide HTTPS support, and provide proxies for the URLs provided by Oracle Database XE.

For information about managing security in Oracle Database XE, refer to Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day DBA.

4 Installing Oracle Database XE

This section covers the following topics:

4.1 Performing a Graphical User Interface Installation of the Server

Most users will install Oracle Database XE by downloading the installation executable, double-clicking it, and answering graphical user interface prompts as needed.

Before attempting to install Oracle Database XE 11.2 uninstall any existing Oracle Database XE or database with the SID XE from the target system.

If you have an existing version of Oracle Database XE, then save your data by exporting it to data files. After you install the new version of Oracle Database XE import this data into the new database. For more information see Section 7, 'Importing and Exporting Data between 10.2 XE and 11.2 XE'.

To perform a graphical user interface installation:

Log on to Windows with Administrative privileges.
You must be part of the Administrators group on Windows to install Oracle Database XE. If you are logged in as a domain user, ensure that you are connected to the network.
If the ORACLE_HOME environment variable has been set, then use System in the Control Panel to delete it.
Go to the following Web site:
Click Free Download and follow the instructions to select and download the Microsoft Windows version of Oracle Database XE.
After downloading the Oracle Database XE installation executable, setup.exe, double-click it.
'Oracle Database XE Character and Language Configurations' describes these character sets in detail.
In the Oracle Database 11g Express Edition - Install Wizard welcome window, click Next.

Description of the illustration welcome1.gif
In the License Agreement window, select I accept the terms in the license agreement and then click Next.
In the Choose Destination Location window, either accept the default or click Browse to select a different installation directory. (Do not select a directory that has spaces in its name.) Then click Next.

Description of the illustration destination.gif
If you are prompted for a port number, then specify one.
The following port numbers are the default values:
- 1521: Oracle database listener
- 2030: Oracle Services for Microsoft Transaction Server
- 8080: HTTP port for the Oracle Database XE graphical user interface
If these port numbers are not currently used, then the installation uses them automatically without prompting you. If they are in use, then you will be prompted to enter an available port number.
In the Specify Database Passwords window, enter and confirm the password to use for the SYS and SYSTEM database accounts. Then click Next.

Description of the illustration password.gif
Note:
The password for the INTERNAL and ADMIN Oracle Application Express user accounts will be the same as the SYS and SYSTEM administrative user accounts.
In the Summary window, review the installation settings, and if you are satisfied, click Install. Otherwise, click Back and modify the settings as necessary.

Description of the illustration summary.gif
In the InstallShield Wizard Complete window, click Finish.

Note:

Logs for the server component installation are in the OracleDatabaseXEServerInstall.log file, located in the system root directory, which is typically c:WINDOWS. You can find the database creation logs in the install_directoryapporacleproduct11.2.0serverconfiglog directory. (install_directory is typically c:oraclexe.)

4.2 Performing a Silent Installation

If you plan to install Oracle Database XE on multiple computers or bundle it with a third-party application, then you may want to perform a silent installation, in which you download the installation executable and run it at a command line using the provided response files.

If you have an existing version of Oracle Database XE, you can save your data by exporting it to data files. After you install the new version of Oracle Database XE, you can import this data into the new database.

To perform a silent installation of Oracle Database XE:

Log on to Windows with Administrative privileges.
You must be part of the Administrators group on Windows to install Oracle Database XE. If you are logged in as a domain user, ensure that you are connected to the network.
Go to the following Web site:
Click Free Download and follow the instructions to select and download setup.exe, the Microsoft Windows version of Oracle Database XE.
Under Silent Install Response File Templates, select the OracleXE response files that you want to use. These files allow you to perform silent installations, repairs (upgrades), and deinstallations.
Check the response file and modify the settings if necessary.
- szDir: A valid path
- TNSPort: A valid listener numeric port value, so that you can connect to the Oracle Database XE database
- MTSPort: A valid available port number
- HTTPPort: A valid listener numeric port value, so that you can connect to Oracle Database XE
- SYSPassword: A password value for the SYS and SYSTEM administrative user accounts
If the ORACLE_HOME environment variable has been set, then use System in the Control Panel to delete it.
Run the installation executable with the appropriate response file.
For example, if you downloaded the setup.exe executable and its response files to a directory called xe_temp, you would enter the following command:
If you wanted to repair the Oracle Database XE installation, you would enter the following command:
After the installation is complete, Oracle Database XE starts.

Note:

The setup.log file indicates the success of the installation. A result code of 0 means the installation succeeded. Logs for the server component installation are in the OracleDatabaseXEServerInstall.log file, located in the system root directory, which is typically c:WINDOWS. You can find the database creation logs in the install_directoryapporacleproduct11.2.0serverconfiglog directory. (install_directory is typically c:oraclexe.)

4.3 Enabling the Control Panel Services for .NET Stored Procedures and Oracle Services for Microsoft Transaction Server

If you plan to use .NET stored procedures or Oracle Services for Microsoft Transaction Server (OraMTS), you need to enable their services on the computer where you installed Oracle Database XE, if you want them to start automatically. .NET stored procedures are installed on Oracle Database XE Server. Immediately after you install Oracle Database XE, their services are set to Manual.

To enable the .NET stored procedures and MTS services:

Select Start, then Control Panel.
In the Control Panel, double-click Administrative Tools, and then Services.
Right-click each of the following services, and then select Properties from the menu. Then set the start-up type of the service to Automatic.
- OracleXEClrAgnt (for .NET stored procedures)
- OracleMTSRecoveryService (Oracle Services for Microsoft Transaction Server)
Click OK.
Start each service by right-clicking its name and selecting Start from the menu.

See Also:

Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day + .NET Developer's Guide for Microsoft Windows for more information on .NET stored procedures
Oracle Services for Microsoft Transaction Server Developer's Guide
Oracle Database Extensions for .NET Developer's Guide

4.4 Making Oracle Database XE Available to Remote Clients

After you install Oracle Database XE, the Get Started With Oracle Database 11g Express Edition home page is only available from the local server, not remotely.

Security Note:

With remote HTTP access to Oracle Database XE, all information exchanged between the browser and the database is in clear text—that is, unencrypted—including database user names and passwords. If this is cause for concern, do not enable remote HTTP connection to the database.

To use the SQL Command Line, follow these steps:

Start SQL*Plus and log in as SYSTEM:
Or, if you are logging in remotely:
At the SQL prompt, enter the following command:

5 Starting Oracle Database XE

After you have installed Oracle Database XE, the database is up and running and you can begin using it right away.

If the database is currently stopped, start it as follows: from the Start menu, select Programs (or All Programs), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then click Start Database.
From the Start menu, select Programs (or All Programs), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then click Run SQL Command Line. Connect to the database using the user name SYSTEM, and supply the password that you created during installation.
To begin learning about Oracle Database XE, use the following documents:
- Oracle Database Express Edition Getting Started Guide introduces the Oracle Database XE user interface, and gets you started using database accounts and creating database objects.
- Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day + .NET Developer's Guide for Microsoft Windows serves as a quick start guide, which describes Oracle technologies for the Microsoft .NET Framework, including the key features of Oracle Data Provider for .NET and Oracle Developer Tools for Visual Studio.

To access the Oracle Database XE Documentation, from the Start menu, select Programs (or All Programs), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, then Get Help, and then click Read Documentation.

6 Deinstalling Oracle Database XE

When you deinstall Oracle Database XE, all components, including data files, the database, and the software, are removed.

Because the deinstallation process removes all files from the directory in which Oracle Database XE is installed, back up any files from the directory (if needed) before you deinstall.

This section covers the following topics:

6.1 Deinstalling the Oracle Database XE Software

To deinstall Oracle Database XE by using Add or Remove Programs:

In the Windows Control Panel, select Add or Remove Programs.
Select Oracle Database 11g Express Edition.
Click Change/Remove.
In the Oracle Database 11g Express Edition - Install Wizard, select Remove, click Next, and then click Yes in the confirmation window. When the deinstallation completes, click Finish.

To perform a silent deinstallation of Oracle Database XE:

Log on to Windows with Windows administrative privileges.
Go to the following Web site:
Click Free Download and follow the instructions to select and download the Microsoft Windows version of Oracle Database XE.
The installation executable, setup.exe, comes with a set of response files that you can use to perform silent installations, repairs (upgrades), and deinstallations.
Run the setup.exe executable with the OracleXERemove.iss response file.
For example, if you downloaded the setup.exe executable and its response files to a directory called xe_temp, you would enter the following command to deinstall Oracle Database XE:
The setup.log file indicates whether the deinstallation was successful. A result code of 0 means the deinstallation succeeded.

7 Importing and Exporting Data between 10.2 XE and 11.2 XE

To import and export data between 10.2 XE and 11.2 XE, perform the following steps:

Copy the gen_inst.sql file from the upgrade directory of 11.2 XE shiphome to your local directory.
Connect to 10.2 XE database as SYS user and run gen_inst.sql. This will generate install.sql, gen_apps.sql and other .sql files. The files will be generated in the folder containing gen_inst.sql.
SQL> @gen_inst.sql
Note:
Do not copy the gen_inst.sql file into the 10.2 XE home directory if you plan to install XE 11.2 on the same system. All generated files get deleted if XE 10.2 is uninstalled.
To export the data from 10.2 XE database, perform the following steps:
1. Connect to 10.2 XE database as SYS user.
2. Create a dump folder dump_folder on the local file system.
3. Create directory object DUMP_DIR with READ and WRITE privilege to SYSTEM user.
4. Export data from 10.2 XE database to the dump folder.
Deinstall 10.2 XE if installation of 11.2 XE is planned on the same system.
Install 11.2 XE database. For more information see Section 4, 'Installing Oracle Database XE'.
To import data to the 11.2 XE database, perform the following steps:
1. Connect to 11.2 XE database as SYS user.
2. Create directory object DUMP_DIR with READ and WRITE privilege to SYSTEM user.
3. Import data to 11.2 XE database from the dump folder.
Connect to 11.2 XE database as SYS user and run the script install.sql, which was generated in Step 2. This will trigger the execution of ws.sql, gen._apps.sql, and other .sql files.

For information on migrating tables and data from one XE Installation to another, refer to Oracle Database Express Edition Readme.

8 Reporting Security Vulnerabilities

If you find any security vulnerabilities with Oracle Database XE, then send a description of the problem to Oracle at the following e-mail address:

Include the following information in your e-mail:

A complete description of the problem you encountered
The version of Oracle Database XE you were using
The platform on which you were running Oracle Database XE
Any scripts or examples that may be helpful in tracking down the security problem

For more information on how Oracle handles security issues, visit:

9 Oracle Database XE Character and Language Configurations

Oracle Database XE is available only in Universal character set and language configurations:

The database is created using Unicode(AL32UTF8) character set, which is suitable for global data in any language.
Japanese, Brazilian Portuguese, and Simplified Chinese language message files are installed in ORACLE_HOME.
The Oracle Application Express user interface and database error messages are available in English, Japanese, Brazilian Portuguese, and Simplified Chinese.

'Globalization Support: Configuring Locale and Character Sets with the NLS_LANG Parameter' provides additional character and language information.

10 Globalization Support: Configuring Locale and Character Sets with the NLS_LANG Parameter

This section explains how to configure globalization settings for Oracle Database XE. It covers the following topics:

10.1 About the NLS_LANG Parameter

Oracle provides globalization support that enables users to interact with a database in their preferred locale and character set settings, as defined by the NLS_LANG parameter. When you install Oracle Database XE, the installation process sets the NLS_LANG parameter in the registry. The NLS_LANG parameter is stored in the registry under the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREORACLEkey_XENLS_LANG subkey.

The locale setting of your operating system determines the value of the NLS_LANG parameter at installation. Table 3 lists the operating system locale and NLS_LANG value mappings.

The NLS_LANG parameter uses the following format:

NLS_LANG=LANGUAGE_TERRITORY.CHARACTER_SET

This format is explained in the following table:

Parameter	Description
`LANGUAGE`	Specifies the language for displaying product messages, day names, and month names in SQL. Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide provides more information about languages.
`TERRITORY`	Specifies the cultural-specific conventions for date, number, time, and monetary formatting. Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide provides more information about territory conventions.
`CHARACTER_SET`	Specifies the encoding used by the client application, which is usually the character set of the source data being processed, and the character set used in displaying the output. 'Supported Character Sets' provides a list of supported character sets.

Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide provides information about the NLS_LANG parameter and Globalization Support initialization parameters.

10.2 Default Values for NLS_LANG

Table 3 lists the default NLS_LANG values for various Windows locales.

Table 3 NLS_LANG Parameter Values for Windows Locales

Oracle Database 11g Express Edition For Mac

Operating System Locale	NLS_LANG Value
Chinese (PRC)	`SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK`
English (United Kingdom)	`ENGLISH_UNITED KINGDOM.WE8MSWIN1252`
English (United States)	`AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8MSWIN1252`
Japanese	`JAPANESE_JAPAN.JA16SJISTILDE`
Portuguese (Brazil)	`BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE_BRAZIL.WE8MSWIN1252`

10.3 Supported Character Sets

Table 4 lists the supported character sets in Oracle Database XE.

The character set AL16UTF16 can be used only as an NCHAR character set, and not as a database character set.

Table 4 Supported Universal Character Sets

Name	Description
`AL16UTF16`	Unicode 4.0 UTF-16 Universal character set
`AL32UTF8`	Unicode 4.0 UTF-8 Universal character set
`UTF8`	Unicode 3.0 UTF-8 Universal character set, CESU-8 compliant

10.4 NLS_LANG Settings in MS-DOS Mode and Batch Mode

The installation process sets the client character set in the NLS_LANG parameter to the appropriate Windows code page, and this is the correct setting for running applications on Windows. However, this NLS_LANG setting may not operate correctly when running command-line utilities such as SQL*Plus and SQL*Loader in MS-DOS mode. This is because MS-DOS, with a few exceptions, uses a different character set (or code page) than Windows. It is important that you set the character set in the NLS_LANG parameter for the MS-DOS session correctly. Setting it incorrectly can lead to invalid character conversion, which can corrupt error messages and data.

Similarly, in batch mode, set the correct character set value of NLS_LANG by inserting a SETNLS_LANG command at the start of the batch procedure, according to the character set of the files to be processed in the procedure.

Table 5 lists the Oracle character sets that correspond to the MS-DOS mode for various operating system locales.

Table 5 Oracle Character Sets for Windows Locales

Operating System Locale	Character Set
Chinese (PRC)	`ZHS16GBK`
English (United Kingdom)	`WE8PC850`
English (United States)	`US8PC437`
Japanese	`JA16SJISTILDE`
Portuguese	`WE8PC850`

11 Documentation Accessibility

For information about Oracle's commitment to accessibility, visit the Oracle Accessibility Program website at http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=docacc.

Access to Oracle Support

Oracle customers have access to electronic support through My Oracle Support. For information, visit http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=info or visit http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=trs if you are hearing impaired.

Oracle Database Express Edition Installation Guide, 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Microsoft Windows

E18803-05

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Getting Started Guide

11g Release 2 (11.2)

E18585-05

May 2014

Welcome to Oracle Database Express Edition (Oracle Database XE). This guide gets you quickly up and running using Oracle Database XE by creating database objects and a simple application. It covers the following topics:

This guide assumes that you have installed Express Edition on your Windows or Linux system, as described in Oracle Database Express Edition Installation Guide for Microsoft Windows and Oracle Database Express Edition Installation Guide for Linux x86-64.

1 Exploring the Oracle Database XE User Interface

The user interface to Oracle Database XE includes the following:

1.1 System Menu Commands

To access the major features of Oracle Database XE, use the system menu as follows to get to the available specific commands:

On Windows, from the Start menu, select Programs (or All Programs), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition.
On Linux, click the Application menu (on Gnome) or the K menu (on KDE), then point to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition.

Then select from the submenu items:

Get Help: Displays the following selections:
- Go To Online Forum: Displays the online forum for discussions about Oracle Database XE.
- Read Documentation: Displays the Oracle Database XE documentation library on the Internet.
- Register For Online Forum: Allows you to register for the Oracle Database XE online forum.
Backup Database: In NOARCHIVELOG mode (the default), shuts down the database, backs it up, and then restarts it. In ARCHIVELOG mode, performs an online backup of the database. For more information on backups, see Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day DBA.
Restore Database: Shuts down and then restores the database to the most recent backup. For more information on restoring a database, see Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day DBA.
Run SQL Command Line: Starts the SQL Command Line utility for Oracle Database XE. To connect to the database, issue the connect command in the following format at the SQL prompt:
where username is the user name, such as system or another user account name, and password is the password that was assigned when Oracle Database XE was installed or when that user was created. To get help, you can enter the command help at the SQL prompt after you have connected to the database.
Start Database: Starts Oracle Database XE if it is currently stopped. By default, the database is started for you after installation and every time your computer is restarted. However, to reduce the overall performance load on the system, you can manually stop the database, and then manually restart it later.
(If the database is not currently stopped, an informational message is displayed that the database is already started.)
Note:
To start or stop the database: On Windows, you must be logged in as the user who installed Oracle Database XE or as a Windows administrator; on Linux, you must be logged in as the user who installed Oracle Database XE or as a user who is a member of the dba user group (typically the user oracle).
Stop Database: Stops Oracle Database XE if it is currently started.
Get Started: Displays the Oracle Database XE Home Page in your default browser. See Section 1.2, 'Database Home Page'.

1.2 Database Home Page

The Database home page is a web browser-based interface for performing various database administration operations, including the following:

Monitoring database storage
Monitoring database sessions
Viewing database initialization parameters
Getting started with Oracle Application Express

To access the database home page, follow these steps:

Navigate the system menu as follows:
- On Windows, from the Start menu, select Programs (or All Programs), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then Get Started.
- On Linux, click the Application menu (on Gnome) or the K menu (on KDE), then point to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then Get Started.
The Oracle Database XE home page appears:

Description of the illustration gs_admin_consl.jpg
For detailed information about these database-level operations, see Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day DBA.
Click the button or tab for any category you are interested in (for example, Storage).
If you are prompted for login information, specify:
- Username: Enter system for the user name.
- Password: Enter the password that was specified when Oracle Database XE was installed.

2 Creating a Database User

You should create at least one database user that you will use to create database objects. A database user is a type of database object: a user is associated with a database schema, you connect to the database as a database user, and the database user is the owner of any database objects (tables and so on) that you create in the schema associated with the user.

For example, to create a database user named chris. Follow these steps, using the command line:

Display the SQL command prompt window. For example, on Windows, click Start, then Programs (or All Programs), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then Run SQL Command Line.
Connect as the SYSTEM user:
- Type: connect
- Enter user-name: system
- Enter password: <password-for-system>
Create the user. For example, enter a statement in the following form:
Grant the user the necessary privileges. For example:
Optionally, exit SQL*Plus (which also closes the command window):

SQL Developer as an Alternative for Creating Database Users:

If you have experience with SQL Developer, you can use it instead of the command line to create a database user, as follows:

Create a database connection for the SYSTEM user.
Open that database connection for the SYSTEM user.
Right-click the Other Users node in the Connections navigator under that connection.
Select Create User, and specify the necessary information. (Under System Privileges, grant ALTER SESSION, CREATE SESSION, CREATE DATABASE LINK, CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, CREATE PROCEDURE, CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM, CREATE ROLE, CREATE SEQUENCE, CREATE SYNONYM, CREATE TABLE, CREATE TRIGGER, CREATE TYPE, CREATE VIEW, and UNLIMITED TABLESPACE.)

3 Installing SQL Developer

You now want to be able to create and work with database objects (tables, views, procedures, functions, and so on) in the database that you installed. To do this, you can use Oracle SQL Developer and Oracle Application Express (also referred to as Application Express):

SQL Developer is a graphical tool that enables you to browse, create, edit, and delete (drop) database objects; run SQL statements and scripts; edit and debug PL/SQL code; unload (export) and load (import) data; migrate third-party databases to Oracle; and view metadata and data. The instructions in this guide use SQL Developer for getting started with database development.
SQL Developer is not packaged with Oracle Database Express Edition, but it is easy to download and install SQL Developer. Much of the Express Edition documentation assumes that you have installed SQL Developer.
Application Express is a rapid web application development tool for developing and deploying professional applications. Application Express has more limited object-creation features than SQL Developer, but Application Express allows you to create form-based applications quickly. This guide includes sections that explain how to create such an application.
Application Express is packaged with Oracle Database Express Edition, so no separate download or installation is needed.

To install and start SQL Developer:

Go to the Oracle Technology Network page for SQL Developer at http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/developer-tools/sql-developer/
Note:
If a Windows 64-bit SQL Developer kit that includes JDK 7 is available, you can download and install that on a Windows 64-bit system, and SQL Developer will use the embedded JDK that is provided with that kit.
However, if you need or simply want to use a JDK on your Windows 64-bit system, you can install the JDK (if it is not already installed) and the Windows 32/64-bit SQL Developer kit, and SQL Developer will use the JDK that is installed on your system.
If you do not need or want to install a suitable Java Development Kit (JDK 7 or later), go to step 3. Otherwise, download and install the JDK as follows:
1. On the SQL Developer Downloads page (http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/developer-tools/sql-developer/downloads/index.html), click the Download link next to SQL Developer requires JDK 7 or above.
2. On the Java SE Development Kit 7 Downloads page, in the table of Java SE Development Kits, accept the Oracle Binary Code License Agreement for Java SE.
3. Click the link for the download that you need (for example, the Windows x64 link for a Windows 64-bit system).
4. Save the file anywhere on your system (such as a 'temp' folder).
5. Install the JDK (for example, on Windows, double-click the .exe file name and follow the displayed instructions).
On the Oracle Technology Network page for SQL Developer at http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/developer-tools/sql-developer/, click the Downloads tab (next to Overview).
Read and accept the license agreement.
Follow the instructions for downloading and installing SQL Developer.

The installation itself is simple. For example, on a Windows PC you can unzip the downloaded file into C:, which will create C:sqldeveloper with files and folders in and under it.

To start SQL Developer, go to the sqldeveloper directory under the SQL Developer installation directory (for example, on a Windows system this might be C:sqldeveloper), and do one of the following:

On Linux systems, type: sh sqldeveloper.sh
On Windows systems, double-click sqldeveloper.exe.

If you are asked to enter the full pathname for the JDK, click Browse and find it. For example, on a Windows system the path might have a name similar to C:Program FilesJavajdk1.7.0_51.

4 Getting Started Using SQL Developer

To start using SQL Developer to create and work with objects and schemas in your XE database, follow these major steps:

Install and start SQL Developer, as explained in Section 3.
Create some database connections, as explained in Section 4.1.
Connect to the database and work with database objects, such as by doing the tutorial described in the online help, as explained in Section 4.2.

SQL Developer comes with a tutorial and demos to help you learn to use its features.

See Also:

4.1 Creating Database Connections

To work with your Express Edition database in SQL Developer, you must create some database connections, so that you can view and work with database objects, use the SQL Worksheet, and use other features.

Note:

If the Oracle Home on your system is for Release 11.2.0.2 or earlier, you cannot use the Create Local Connections feature of SQL Developer to auto-generate local connections. (The Oracle Home associated with Express Edition is Release 11.2.0.2.)

Instead, you must create individual database connections manually, as explained in this section.

You can create database connections to the local Express Edition database and to Oracle Database instances on other systems. If you create a connection manually, you can specify the Save Password option to avoid having to enter the password each time you connect, and you can edit the user name and password associated with then connection.

To create a new database connection:

In the Connections navigator, right-click the Connections node and select New Database Connection.
Use the dialog box to specify information about the connection. Figure 1 shows the information to create a connection for a database user named CHRIS.
Figure 1 Creating a Database Connection

Description of 'Figure 1 Creating a Database Connection'
In the connection definition in Figure 1:
- Connection Name: An alias for a connection to the database using the information that you enter. Example: xe_chris
- Username: Name of the database user for the connection. This user must have sufficient privileges to perform the tasks that you want to perform while connected to the database. Example: chris
- Password: Password associated with the specified database user.
- Save Password: Specify this option if you want the password is saved with the connection information; you will not be prompted for the password on subsequent attempts to connect using this connection.
- Hostname: Host system for the Oracle database. For your Express Edition database, the hostname is localhost.
- Port: Listener port. The default is 1521.
- SID: Database name. The default for Express Edition is xe.
Click Test to check if you have entered the correct information for the connection.
If the test is not successful, correct information as needed and click Test again.
When the test is successful, click Save to save the connection.
To open the connection after saving it, you can click Connect. (You can also open the connection using the Connections navigator.)

Figure 2 shows the SQL Developer main window after the xe_chris database connection has been created.

Figure 2 SQL Developer Windows After Database Connection Is Created

Description of 'Figure 2 SQL Developer Windows After Database Connection Is Created'

4.2 Working with Database Objects

To get started quickly working with database objects, do the short tutorial in the SQL Developer online help (also available in Oracle SQL Developer User's Guide). This tutorial creates three tables, a sequence, a view, and a PL/SQL procedure for a small library database, and inserts some sample data into the tables. You can create these objects using a database connection to a user that you created (such as one to CHRIS if you used that example).

To access this tutorial in the help:

Click Help, then Table of Contents.
In the Contents navigator, double-click the topic Tutorial: Creating Objects for a Small Database.
Follow the instructions for the major steps in the tutorial.

In addition to or instead of doing this tutorial, you can unlock the supplied sample HR user account (see Section 5), and then use a database connection to the HR user to view tables, procedures, and other objects. (You can modify data in the tables owned by HR, but you probably do not want to because many documents show examples that assume the supplied data.)

You can also check the many tutorials, demos, courses, and other resources mentioned on the SQL Developer Start Page and on the Oracle Technology Network.

5 Unlocking the Sample User Account

To view any objects owned by the supplied sample database user named HR, or to create the form-based application as described in Section 6, 'Creating an Application Using Application Express', you must first unlock the HR sample account.

Oracle Database XE comes with a sample database user named HR. This user owns several database tables in a sample schema for a fictional Human Resources department. However, for security reasons, this user's account is locked. You need to unlock this account before you can view the HR objects or build any applications that use these objects. You can use either of the following approaches to unlock the account:

5.1 Unlock HR Using the SQL Command Line

To unlock the sample user account using the SQL command line:

Display the SQL command prompt window. For example, on Windows, click Start, then Programs (or All Programs), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then Run SQL Command Line.
Connect as the SYSTEM user:
- Type: connect
- Enter user-name: system
- Enter password: <password-for-system>
Enter the following statement to unlock the HR account:
Enter a statement in the following form to specify the password that you want for the HR user:
Optionally, exit SQL*Plus (which also closes the command window):

5.2 Unlock HR Using SQL Developer

To unlock the sample user account using SQL Developer:

If you have not already created a database connection for the SYSTEM user, do so following the basic steps in Section 4.1, 'Creating Database Connections'; however, specify an appropriate connection name (such as xe_system) and the user name and password for the SYSTEM user.
Open the database connection for the SYSTEM user.
In the Connection navigator under the connection for the SYSTEM user, expand the Other Users node.
Under Other Users, right-click the node for the HR user and select Edit User.
In the Create/Edit User dialog box, uncheck (deselect) the option Account is Locked.
1. For New Password and Confirm Password, enter the password that you want for the HR user.
2. Uncheck (deselect) Password expired (User must change next login).
3. Uncheck (deselect) Account is Locked.
Click Apply to alter the HR user so that the account is unlocked and not expired.
Click Close to close the dialog box.

6 Creating an Application Using Application Express

You can use Oracle Application Express to create applications with forms linked to tables and data in the database. This section guides you through creating such an application using the supplied HR account, and it contains the following sections:

6.1 Getting Started with Application Express

To use Application Express, you must create at least one Application Express workspace. For this exercise, you will create a workspace for the HR user, so that you can develop the sample application using the HR database account. (After you perform the steps in this section, you do not need to repeat them for creating and modifying Application Express applications in this workspace.)

To create the Application Express workspace:

From the system menu, navigate to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition and select Get Started.
On the Database home page, click Application Express.
On the Login page, log in with the user name and password for the SYSTEM account.
On the Oracle Application Express page, create a workspace for the existing database user HR, as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 Creating an Application Express Workspace

Description of 'Figure 3 Creating an Application Express Workspace'
Database User: Specify Use Existing to create the workspace for the existing database user named HR.
Application Express Username: Enter a desired name for the Application Express workspace to be created. Example: hr_apex
Password and Confirm Password: Enter the password to be used for the Application Express workspace.
Click Create Workspace.
On the next page, click the click here link to log in to the workspace.

The first time you attempt to access the workspace, you will be prompted to reset the password for the workspace. (You can specify the same password or a different one.)

6.2 Logging in to the Workspace for the Sample Account

To create the application, you must log in to the workspace that you created in Section 6.1, 'Getting Started with Application Express'.

To log in to the workspace:

From the system menu, navigate to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition and select Get Started.
On the Database home page, click Application Express.
On the Login page, click the button Already have an account? Login Here.
Log in to the Application Express workspace.

Now you are ready to create your first application using Application Express.

6.3 Creating a Simple Application

Creating an application is an easy way to view and edit your database data. You create this application based on the EMPLOYEES table, which is part of the HR schema.

To create an application based on the EMPLOYEES table:

On the Application Express page for the workspace, click Application Builder.
Click the Create button.
Under Create Application, for Application Type select Database and click Next.
Under Create Application:
1. Name: Enter MyApp.
2. Application: (Accept the default.)
3. Create Application: From Scratch
4. Schema: HR
5. Click Next.
Next, add pages to your application.
Under Add Page:
1. Page Type: Report and Form.
  Notice that Action describes the type of page you are adding.
2. Table Name: Click the up arrow, and then select EMPLOYEES.
3. Implementation: Interactive
  
  Description of the illustration gs_report_and_form.jpg
4. Click Add Page.
  Two new pages are listed at the top of the page, under Create Application.
  
  Description of the illustration gs_two_new_pages.jpg
5. Click Next.
On the Tabs panel, accept the default (One Level of Tabs) and click Next.
On the Shared Components panel, accept the default (No) and click Next.
This option enables you to import shared components from another application. Shared components are common elements that can display or be applied on any page within an application.
On the Attributes panel, for Authentication Scheme select the default (Application Express) and all remaining defaults, and click Next.
On the User Interface panel, select Theme 2 click Next.
Themes are collections of templates that you can use to define the layout and style of an entire application.
On the Confirm panel, confirm your selections. To return to a previous wizard page, click Previous. To accept your selections, click Create.
After you click Create, the following message displays at the top of the page:

6.4 Running Your New Application

To run your application:

Click the Run Application icon.

Description of the illustration gs_run_ico.jpg
In the log in page, for User Name and Password, enter the Application Express Username and Password that you specified in Section 6.1, 'Getting Started with Application Express'. (Example user name: hr_apex)
Your application appears, showing the EMPLOYEES table.
Explore your application.
You can query the EMPLOYEES table, if you want. To manage the application, use the Developer toolbar at the bottom on the page.

Description of the illustration gs_d_toolbar.jpg
The Developer toolbar offers a quick way to edit the current page, create a new page, control, or component, view session state, or toggle debugging or edit links on and off.
To exit your application and return to Application Builder, click Edit Page 1 on the Developer toolbar.
To return to the Database Home Page, select the Home breadcrumb at the top of the page.

Description of the illustration gs_bread_myapp.jpg
Congratulations! You have just created and run your first application using Application Express with Oracle Database XE.

7 Learning More About Oracle Database XE

To learn more about using Oracle Database XE, you can use the Oracle Database XE Documentation Library, which is available from the system menu (Start > All Programs > Oracle Database 11g > Get Help > Read Documentation) or the administrative console.

Oracle Database 18c Express Edition For Mac

Be sure to review these documents, in particular:

Title	Content
Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day DBA	Discusses common day-to-day administrative tasks.
Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day Developer's Guide	Explains how to take advantage of the Oracle Database Express Edition development environment.
Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day + Application Express Developer's Guide	Offers a series of tutorials that describe how to build database-centric web applications using the Oracle Application Express client.
Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day + PHP Developer's Guide	Provides a tutorial that shows you how to download and install Apache and the Zend Core PHP drivers, and then how to use PHP to connect to Oracle Database XE, and demonstrates how to use PHP to develop a simple application that accesses and modifies data.
Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day Plus Java Developer Guide	Provides a tutorial that shows you how to use Java and JDBC to connect to Oracle Database XE, and demonstrates how to develop a simple Java application that accesses and modifies data.
Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day Plus .NET Developer Guide	Describes the key features of Oracle Data Provider for .NET and Oracle Developer Tools for Visual Studio .NET. It leads you through installation and configuration, shows how to build basic applications using Oracle Data Provider for .NET and Oracle Developer Tools for Visual Studio .NET, and how to create and use both PL/SQL and .NET stored procedures.

7.1 Discussion Forum for Express Edition

If you have a problem using the Express Edition product, see the Oracle Database Express Edition (XE) discussion forum (https://community.oracle.com/community/developer/english/oracle_database/oracle_database_express_edition_(xe)).

You can search that forum to see if the problem has already been discussed; and if you do not find the answer, you can create a new thread and provide the details.

8 Major Changes for Release 11.2

This section summarizes the major changes between Oracle Database XE Release 11.2 and the previous release (10.2).

The most obvious difference is in the user interface, specifically the Database Home Page, as explained in Section 8.1.

The resource limitations are the same as for Release 10.2, except that you can now store up to 11 GB of user data (not including Express Edition system data), as opposed to 4 GB in Release 10.2.

Oracle Database XE Release 11.2 contains a vast set of Oracle Database features that have been introduced since Release 10.2. In general, Oracle Database XE Release 11.2 contains the features of Oracle Database Standard Edition Release 11.2, except as qualified in Oracle Database Express Edition Licensing Information. See that manual for detailed information about features that are and are not included in Oracle Database XE.

8.1 User Interface Changes

In Oracle Database XE Release 11.2, you can use the Database Home Page to perform various database administration tasks, including monitoring database storage, monitoring database sessions, and viewing database initialization parameters. To access Oracle Application Express, click the Application Express button on the Database Home Page and follow the instructions. Once you create a workspace, username, and password, you can access Oracle Application Express directly from your web browser as described in Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day + Application Express Developer's Guide.